Kusamuka kwa madzi mufiriji
Kusamuka kwa refrigerant kumatanthauza kusonkhana kwa madzi mu compressor crankcase compressor ikazima. Bola kutentha mkati mwa compressor kuli kotsika kuposa kutentha mkati mwa evaporator, kusiyana kwa kuthamanga pakati pa compressor ndi evaporator kudzayendetsa refrigerant kumalo ozizira. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Komabe, pazida zoziziritsira mpweya ndi zopopera kutentha, pamene chipangizo choziziritsira mpweya chili kutali ndi compressor, ngakhale kutentha kuli kwakukulu, kusamuka kungachitike.
Dongosolo likatsekedwa, ngati silikuyatsidwa mkati mwa maola ochepa, ngakhale palibe kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kusintha kwa mpweya kungachitike chifukwa cha kukoka kwa mafuta oziziritsa mu crankcase kupita ku refrigerant.
Ngati refrigerant yamadzimadzi yambiri ilowa mu crankcase ya compressor, kugwedezeka kwakukulu kwamadzimadzi kumachitika compressor ikayamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti compressor ilephere kugwira ntchito, monga kuphulika kwa diski ya valve, kuwonongeka kwa piston, kulephera kwa bearing ndi kukokoloka kwa bearing (refrigerant imatsuka mafuta ozizira kuchokera ku bearing).
Madzi odzaza mufiriji
Ngati valavu yowonjezera yalephera kugwira ntchito, kapena ngati fani ya evaporator yalephera kapena yatsekedwa ndi fyuluta ya mpweya, firiji yamadzimadzi imadzaza mu evaporator ndikulowa mu compressor ngati madzi m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito nthunzi kudzera mu chubu chokoka. Pamene chipangizocho chikuyenda, madzimadzi amadzaza mu evaporator, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zosuntha za compressor ziwonongeke, ndipo kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumapangitsa kuti chipangizo chotetezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chigwire ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti crankcase itaye mafuta. Pankhaniyi, ngati makinawo atsekedwa, vuto la kusuntha kwa refrigerant limachitika mwachangu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi agwedezeke akayambiranso.
Nyundo yamadzimadzi
Pamene madzi akugunda, phokoso la chitsulo lotuluka kuchokera ku compressor likhoza kumveka, ndipo compressor ikhoza kutsatiridwa ndi kugwedezeka kwamphamvu. Hydraulic percussion ingayambitse kuphulika kwa valavu, kuwonongeka kwa gasket ya mutu wa compressor, kusweka kwa ndodo yolumikizira, kusweka kwa shaft ndi mitundu ina ya kuwonongeka kwa compressor. Pamene refrigerant yamadzimadzi ikasamuka kulowa mu crankcase, kugwedezeka kwamadzimadzi kumachitika pamene crankcase yayatsidwa. Mu mayunitsi ena, chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka payipi kapena malo a zigawo, refrigerant yamadzimadzi idzasonkhana mu chubu chokoka kapena evaporator panthawi yomwe chipangizocho sichikugwira ntchito, ndipo idzalowa mu compressor ngati madzi oyera pa liwiro lalikulu kwambiri ikayatsidwa. Liwiro ndi kulephera kwa hydraulic stroke ndizokwanira kuwononga chitetezo cha chipangizo chilichonse chotsutsana ndi hydraulic stroke chomangidwa mkati.
Chitetezo cha mafuta pa chipangizo chowongolera kuthamanga kwa mafuta
Mu chipangizo choziziritsa kutentha, pambuyo pa nthawi yochotsa chisanu, kuchuluka kwa madzi mufiriji nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti chipangizo chowongolera chitetezo cha mafuta chizigwira ntchito. Machitidwe ambiri amapangidwira kuti firiji izigwira ntchito mu evaporator ndi chubu chokoka madzi panthawi yosungunula, kenako nkulowa mu compressor crankcase poyambira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa mafuta kuchepe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipangizo chotetezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chizigwira ntchito.
Nthawi zina, kamodzi kapena kawiri, kuchitapo kanthu kwa chipangizo chowongolera chitetezo cha mafuta sikukhudza kwambiri compressor, koma kubwerezabwereza popanda mafuta abwino kumapangitsa kuti compressor isagwire ntchito. Chipangizo chowongolera chitetezo cha mafuta nthawi zambiri chimaonedwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ngati vuto laling'ono, koma ndi chenjezo kuti compressor yakhala ikugwira ntchito kwa mphindi zoposa ziwiri popanda mafuta, ndipo njira zothanirana nazo ziyenera kuchitidwa munthawi yake.
Mankhwala olimbikitsidwa
Makina oziziritsira akamayikidwa mufiriji, mwayi woti makinawo alephere kugwira ntchito umawonjezeka. Koma ngati makina oziziritsira ndi zigawo zina zazikulu za makinawo zalumikizidwa pamodzi kuti ayesere makinawo, ndiye kuti mphamvu yoziritsira yokwanira komanso yotetezeka imatha kudziwika. Opanga makina oziziritsira amatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoziritsira yamadzimadzi yomwe iyenera kuyikidwa popanda kuvulaza ziwalo zogwirira ntchito za makinawo, koma sangathe kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yonse yoziritsira yomwe ili mu makina oziziritsira yomwe ili mu makinawo nthawi zambiri. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoziritsira yamadzimadzi yomwe makinawo angathe kupirira kumadalira kapangidwe kake, kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe ali mu makinawo komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yoziritsira. Pamene madzi akusamuka, kusefukira kapena kugwedezeka kwachitika, njira yofunikira yoziritsira iyenera kuchitidwa, mtundu wa njira yoziritsira imadalira kapangidwe ka makinawo komanso mtundu wa kulephera.
Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa chakudya chozizira
Njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera compressor ku kulephera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha ma refrigerant amadzimadzi ndikuchepetsa mphamvu ya refrigerant kufika pamlingo wovomerezeka wa compressor. Ngati izi sizingatheke, kuchuluka kwa kudzaza kuyenera kuchepetsedwa momwe zingathere. Potengera momwe madzi amayendera, condenser, evaporator ndi chitoliro cholumikizira ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono momwe zingathere, ndipo chosungira madzi chiyenera kusankhidwa pang'ono momwe zingathere. Kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kudzaza kumafuna ntchito yoyenera kuti mudziwitse galasi la maso ku thovu lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi kukula kochepa kwa chubu chamadzimadzi ndi kuthamanga kwa mutu wotsika, zomwe zingayambitse kudzaza kwambiri.
Nthawi yochoka
Njira yogwira ntchito komanso yodalirika yowongolera refrigerant yamadzimadzi ndi kuzungulira kwa kuthawa. Makamaka pamene kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya dongosolo kuli kwakukulu, potseka valavu ya solenoid ya chitoliro chamadzimadzi, refrigerant imatha kupopedwa mu condenser ndi mu reservoir yamadzimadzi, ndipo compressor imayenda motsogozedwa ndi chipangizo chowongolera chitetezo chotsika, kotero refrigerant imachotsedwa ku compressor pamene compressor sikuyenda, kupewa kusamuka kwa refrigerant kupita ku compressor crankcase. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuzungulira kosalekeza kotuluka panthawi yotseka kuti mupewe kutuluka kwa valavu ya solenoid. Ngati ndi kuzungulira kamodzi kotuluka, kapena kotchedwa non-recirculating control mode, padzakhala kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa refrigerant kutayikira kwa compressor ikatsekedwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Ngakhale kuzungulira kosalekeza kotuluka ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopewera kusamuka, sikuteteza compressor ku zotsatira zoyipa za kusefukira kwa refrigerant.
Chotenthetsera cha Crankcase
Mu machitidwe ena, malo ogwirira ntchito, ndalama, kapena zomwe makasitomala amakonda zomwe zingapangitse kuti nthawi yotulutsira anthu isatheke, ma crankcase heaters amatha kuchedwetsa kusamuka.
Ntchito ya chotenthetsera cha crankcase ndikusunga kutentha kwa mafuta ozizira mu crankcase pamwamba pa kutentha kwa gawo lotsika kwambiri la dongosolo. Komabe, mphamvu yotenthetsera ya chotenthetsera cha crankcase iyenera kukhala yochepa kuti ipewe kutenthedwa kwambiri ndi kuzizira kwa kaboni yamafuta. Pamene kutentha kozungulira kuli pafupi -18° C, kapena chubu chokoka madzi chikaonekera, ntchito ya chotenthetsera cha crankcase idzachepetsedwa pang'ono, ndipo kusamukako kungachitikebe.
Ma heater a crankcase nthawi zambiri amatenthedwa nthawi zonse akagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa firiji ikangolowa mu crankcase ndikusungunuka mu mafuta ozizira, zingatenge maola angapo kuti ibwezeretsedwenso ku chubu chokoka. Ngati zinthu sizili zovuta kwambiri, heater ya crankcase ndi yothandiza kwambiri poletsa kusamuka, koma heater ya crankcase singateteze compressor ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha madzi obwerera m'mbuyo.
Cholekanitsa mpweya ndi madzi a chubu chosungunula
Pa makina omwe amatha kusefukira madzi, cholekanitsa mpweya ndi madzi chiyenera kuyikidwa pamzere wokokera kuti chisunge kwakanthawi firiji yamadzi yomwe yatuluka kuchokera mumakina ndikubwezera firiji yamadzi ku compressor pamlingo womwe compressor ingathe kupirira.
Kuchuluka kwa mafuta mufiriji kumachitika nthawi zambiri pamene pampu yotenthetsera yasinthidwa kuchoka pa kuzizira kupita ku kutentha, ndipo kawirikawiri, cholekanitsa mpweya ndi madzi mu chubu chokoka ndi chida chofunikira mu mapampu onse otenthetsera.
Makina omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wotentha posungunula mpweya amathanso kusefukira madzi kumayambiriro ndi kumapeto kwa defroster. Zipangizo zotentha kwambiri monga mafiriji amadzimadzi ndi ma compressor omwe amawonetsedwa kutentha kochepa nthawi zina angayambitse kusefukira chifukwa cha kusayang'anira bwino firiji. Pazida zamagalimoto, zikamazima kwa nthawi yayitali, zimatha kusefukira kwambiri zikayambiranso.
Mu compressor ya magawo awiri, kuyamwa kumabwezeretsedwa mwachindunji ku silinda yapansi ndipo sikudutsa m'chipinda cha injini, ndipo cholekanitsa gasi ndi madzi chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza valavu ya compressor ku kuwonongeka kwa kuphulika kwa madzi.
Popeza zofunikira zonse zolipirira makina osiyanasiyana oziziritsira ndi zosiyana, ndipo njira zowongolera zoziziritsira ndi zosiyana, kaya cholekanitsa gasi ndi madzi chikufunika komanso kukula kwa cholekanitsa gasi ndi madzi kukufunika kumadalira zofunikira za makina enaake. Ngati kuchuluka kwa madzi obwerera m'mbuyo sikunayesedwe molondola, njira yosungira kapangidwe kake ndiyo kudziwa mphamvu yolekanitsa gasi ndi madzi pa 50% ya ndalama zonse za makina.
Cholekanitsa mafuta
Cholekanitsa mafuta sichingathe kuthetsa vuto la kubweza mafuta lomwe lachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka makina, komanso sichingathe kuthetsa vuto la kubweza madzi mufiriji. Komabe, pamene kulephera kwa makina sikungathe kuthetsedwa ndi njira zina, cholekanitsa mafuta chimathandiza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amayendayenda mu makina, zomwe zingathandize makinawo kudutsa nthawi yovuta mpaka makinawo atabwerera mwakale. Mwachitsanzo, mu chipangizo chotenthetsera kwambiri kapena chotenthetsera madzi chonse, mafuta obwezerera amatha kukhudzidwa ndi kusungunuka, motero cholekanitsa mafuta chingathandize kusunga kuchuluka kwa mafuta ozizira mu compressor panthawi yosungunuka mu makina.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-07-2023
