Mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka mafuta oyenda mu compressor yoziziritsa amatchedwa mafuta oziziritsa, omwe amadziwikanso kuti mafuta odzola. Malinga ndi miyezo ya Unduna wa Zamalonda a Petrochemical, pali mitundu isanu ya mafuta oziziritsa omwe amapangidwa ku China, omwe ndi Nambala 13, Nambala 18, Nambala 25, Nambala 30 ndi Nambala 40 ya muyezo wa bizinesi. Pakati pawo, mafuta oziziritsa oziziritsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Nambala 13, Nambala 18 ndi Nambala 25, ma compressor a R12 nthawi zambiri amasankha Nambala 18, ma compressor a R22 nthawi zambiri amasankha Nambala 25.
Mu compressor, mafuta oziziritsa makamaka mafuta, kutseka, kuziziritsa ndi kulamulira mphamvu za ntchito zinayi.
(1) Mafuta odzola
Mafuta a mufiriji pa ntchito ya compressor, kuti achepetse kukangana ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito ya compressor, potero amawonjezera moyo wa ntchito ya compressor.
(2) Kutseka
Mafuta a mufiriji amagwira ntchito yotseka compressor, kotero kuti pistoni ya compressor ndi pamwamba pa silinda, pakati pa ma bearing ozungulira kuti akwaniritse kutseka, kuti apewe kutuluka kwa refrigerant.
(3) Kuziziritsa
Mafuta oziziritsira mafuta akapakidwa mafuta pakati pa magawo osuntha a compressor, amatha kuchotsa kutentha komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito, kotero kuti magawo osunthawo azikhala ndi kutentha kochepa, motero kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito ndi kudalirika kwa compressor.
(4) Kulamulira mphamvu
Pa makina oziziritsira omwe ali ndi njira yowongolera mphamvu, mafuta oziziritsira mafuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mphamvu ya makina owongolera mphamvu.
Choyamba, kodi zofunikira pa zida zoziziritsira pa mafuta oziziritsira ndi ziti?
Chifukwa cha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zosiyanasiyana komanso ma refrigerant, zida zosungiramo mafuta oziziritsira sizili zofanana. Zofunikira pa mafuta oziziritsira zili ndi izi:
1, kukhuthala
Mafuta a kukhuthala kwa mafuta mufiriji ndi ofunika kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mafiriji osiyanasiyana posankha mafuta osiyanasiyana oziziritsira moyenerera. Ngati kukhuthala kwa mafuta oziziritsira kuli kwakukulu kwambiri, mphamvu ya kukangana kwa makina, kutentha kwa kukangana ndi mphamvu yoyambira imawonjezeka. M'malo mwake, ngati kukhuthala kuli kochepa kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti kuyenda pakati pa ziwalozo kusakhale kofunikira, kuti mafuta asakwaniritsidwe ndi kuzizira komwe kumafunika.
2, malo otayirira
Malo otenthetsera mafuta oziziritsira ndi akuti kutentha kwake kwatsika kufika pamlingo winawake, mafuta oziziritsira anayamba kupangitsa kuti parafini igwe, kotero kuti mafuta odzola mafutawo akukhala kutentha kotentha. Zipangizo zoziziritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo otenthetsera mafuta ziyenera kukhala zochepa kuposa kutentha kwa mpweya wa firiji, apo ayi zidzapangitsa kuti throttle valve itseke kapena kusokoneza momwe kutentha kumayendera.
3, mfundo yolimbitsa
Mafuta oziziritsa m'malo oyesera kuziziritsa kuti aletse kuyenda kwa kutentha komwe kumadziwika kuti malo oziziritsa. Zipangizo zoziziritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo oziziritsa m'mafuta oziziritsa ziyenera kukhala zochepa momwe zingathere (monga R22 compressor, mafuta oziziritsa ayenera kukhala pansi pa -55℃), apo ayi zidzakhudza kuyenda kwa refrigerant, kuonjezera kukana kwa kuyenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kusamutsidwe bwino.
4, malo owunikira
Malo oyaka a mafuta oziziritsa ndi kutentha kotsika kwambiri komwe mafuta amatenthedwa mpaka kufika pamene nthunzi yake imayaka ikakhudzana ndi lawi. Zipangizo zoziziritsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu malo oyaka a mafuta oziziritsa ziyenera kukhala zokwera kuposa kutentha kwa utsi kwa madigiri 15 ~ 30.℃kapena kuposerapo, kuti mafuta opaka mafuta asayake ndi kuwotcha.
5, kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi kukana mpweya
Mafuta oyera opaka mafuta ndi okhazikika, osati okosijeni, sadzawononga chitsulo. Komabe, mafuta opaka mafuta akakhala ndi refrigerant kapena madzi apanga dzimbiri, okosijeni wa mafuta apanga asidi, ndipo chitsulo chidzawonongeka. Mafutawo akamayikidwa pa kutentha kwambiri, padzakhala coke, ngati zinthuzi zitalumikizidwa ndi mbale ya valve, zidzakhudza ntchito yachizolowezi ya mbale ya valve, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zidzapangitsa kuti fyuluta ndi throttle valavu zitseke. Chifukwa chake, ziyenera kusankhidwa ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi kukana okosijeni kukhala mafuta abwino opaka mafuta mufiriji.
6, chinyezi ndi zonyansa zamakina
Ngati mafuta opaka ali ndi madzi, kusintha kwa mankhwala mu mafuta kumawonjezera kuwonongeka kwa mafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitsulocho chiziwonongeke, komanso mu valavu yotsekereza kapena valavu yokulitsa kuti "ayambe kutsekeka". Mafuta opaka ali ndi zinthu zosafunika zamakina, zomwe zimawonjezera kusweka kwa zinthu zosuntha, ndipo posakhalitsa zimatseka valavu yotsekereza ndi yotsekereza kapena valavu yokulitsa, kotero mafuta opaka mufiriji sayenera kukhala ndi zinthu zosafunika zamakina.
7, magwiridwe antchito a kutchinjiriza
Mu firiji yotsekedwa pang'ono komanso yotsekedwa bwino, mafuta odzola oziziritsa ndi firiji zimakhala zozungulira mwachindunji komanso zozungulira zamagalimoto komanso zolumikizirana, motero zimafunikira mafuta odzola ali ndi mphamvu zabwino zotetezera kutentha komanso mphamvu zambiri zowononga. Mphamvu yoteteza kutentha kwa mafuta odzola ndi yabwino, koma ili ndi madzi, zinyalala ndi fumbi, mphamvu yake yoteteza kutentha idzachepa, ndipo mphamvu zonse za mphamvu yowononga kutentha kwa mafuta odzola oziziritsa mufiriji ndi 2.5KV kapena kuposerapo.
8, chifukwa cha makhalidwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma refrigerant, kutentha kwa makina oziziritsira kumasiyana kwambiri, mafuta oziziritsira mufiriji nthawi zambiri amatha kusankhidwa motere: kutentha pang'ono, kutentha pang'ono kwa zida zoziziritsira kungasankhidwe ngati kukhuthala, kuzizira pang'ono kwa mafuta; ndipo kutentha kwambiri kapena mpweya wabwino kwa zida zoziziritsira ziyenera kusankhidwa ngati kukhuthala, kuzizira pang'ono kwa mafuta ambiri.
二、 Mafotokozedwe a momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mafuta oziziritsira a compressor
1. Makina oziziritsira mpweya a HFC-134a (R-134a) ndi zigawo za HFC-134a (R-134a) zitha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta oziziritsira okha. Mafuta oziziritsira osalamulirika adzakhudza momwe compressor imakhudzira mafuta, ndipo kusakaniza mafuta oziziritsira osiyanasiyana kungayambitse kukhuthala ndi kulephera kwa mafuta oziziritsira, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwa compressor.
2. HFC-134a (R-134a) imati mafuta oziziritsa amatha kuyamwa chinyezi kuchokera mumlengalenga mwachangu. Chonde tsatirani izi:
(1) Pochotsa zida zoziziritsira ku zipangizo zoziziritsira, zidazo ziyenera kutsekedwa (kutsekedwa) mwachangu momwe zingathere kuti chinyezi chisalowe mumlengalenga.
(2) Mukayika zinthu zoziziritsira, musachotse (kapena kutsegula) chivundikiro cha zinthuzo musanazilumikize. Chonde lumikizani zinthu zoziziritsira mwamsanga kuti muchepetse kulowa kwa chinyezi mumlengalenga.
(3) Mafuta odzola okhawo omwe amasungidwa m'zidebe zotsekedwa ndi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mukagwiritsa ntchito, chonde tsekani chidebe chodzola nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mafuta odzola sanatsekedwe bwino, sangagwiritsidwenso ntchito pambuyo poti alowetsedwa ndi chinyezi.
3. Musagwiritse ntchito mafuta oziziritsa omwe awonongeka komanso okhuthala, chifukwa izi zingakhudze momwe compressor imagwirira ntchito.
4. Dongosololi liyenera kuwonjezera mafuta oziziritsa malinga ndi mlingo wovomerezeka. Ngati mafuta oziziritsa ali ochepa kwambiri, zidzakhudza mafuta odzola a compressor. Kuwonjezera mafuta oziziritsa kwambiri kudzakhudzanso mphamvu yozizira ya makina oziziritsira mpweya.
5. Mukawonjezera mafuta oziziritsa, mafuta oziziritsa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kaye, kenako mafuta oziziritsa ayenera kuwonjezeredwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-23-2023
