Kuti mupange firiji, choyamba mvetsetsani zomwe anthu ambiri amadziwa zokhudza firiji

Refrigerant, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti refrigerant, ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwira ntchito mu makina oziziritsira. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu yoposa 80 ya zinthu zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ma refrigerant. Ma refrigerant odziwika kwambiri ndi Freon (kuphatikiza: R22, R134a, R407c, R410a, R32, ndi zina zotero), ammonia (NH3), madzi (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), ndi ma hydrocarbon ochepa (monga: R290, R600a).

Zizindikiro za momwe ma refrigerant amakhudzira chilengedwe cha dziko lapansi zikuphatikizapo: mphamvu ya ozone depletion (ODP) ndi mphamvu ya kutentha kwa dziko (GWP); kuwonjezera pa mphamvu ya chilengedwe, ma refrigerant ayeneranso kukhala ndi chitetezo chovomerezeka kuti ateteze miyoyo ya anthu ndi katundu wawo.

Kuchepa kwa Ozone mu ODP: Kumasonyeza kuthekera kwa ma chlorofluorocarbon mumlengalenga kuwononga ozone. Mtengo wake ukakhala wochepa, makhalidwe abwino a refrigerant amakhalapo. Ma refrigerant okhala ndi ODP yochepera kapena yofanana ndi 0.05 amaonedwa kuti ndi ovomerezeka kutengera kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe alipo.

Mphamvu Yotentha Padziko Lonse ya GWP: Chizindikiro cha momwe nyengo imakhudzira mpweya woipa womwe umatulutsa mpweya woipa, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mkati mwa nthawi inayake (zaka 20, zaka 100, zaka 500), mphamvu yotenthetsera kutentha kwa mpweya wina woipa imagwirizana ndi mtundu wa CO2 womwe uli ndi zotsatira zomwezo, CO2. GWP=1.0. Kawirikawiri werengani GWP kutengera zaka 100, zomwe zimatchedwa GWP100, "Montreal Protocol" ndi "Kyoto Protocol" zonse zimagwiritsa ntchito GWP100.

1. Kugawa mafiriji

Malinga ndi GB/T 7778-2017, chitetezo cha refrigerant chagawidwa m'magulu 8, omwe ndi: A1, A2L, A2, A3, B1, B2L, B2, B3, pakati pawo A1 ndiye otetezeka kwambiri ndipo B3 ndiye yoopsa kwambiri.

Chitetezo cha ma refrigerant wamba ndi awa:

Mtundu A1: R11, R12, R13, R113, R114, R115, R116, R22, R124, R23, R125, R134a,, R236fa, R218, RC318, R401a, R401b, R402a, R402b, R403a, R403b, R404a, R407a, R407b, R407c, R407d, R408a, R409a, R410a, R417a, R422d, R500, R501, R502, R507a, R508a, R508b, R509a, R513a, R744

Lembani A2: R142b, R152a, R406a, R411a, R411b, R412a, R413a, R415b, R418a, R419a, R512a

Gulu la A2L: R143a, R32, R1234yf, R1234ze(E)

Kalasi A3: R290, R600, R600a, R601a, R1270, RE170, R510a, R511a

Gulu B1: R123, R245fa

Gulu la B2L: R717

Malinga ndi kutentha kwa evaporation kwa refrigerant pansi pa mphamvu ya mlengalenga (100kPa), ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu: refrigerant yotentha kwambiri, refrigerant yotentha kwambiri, ndi refrigerant yotentha pang'ono.

Refrigerant yotsika kwambiri komanso yotentha kwambiri: kutentha kwa nthunzi kumakhala kokwera kuposa 0°C, ndipo kuthamanga kwa condensation kumakhala kotsika kuposa 29.41995×104Pa. Refrigerant izi ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma compressor oziziritsa mpweya omwe ali ndi centrifugal mu makina oziziritsira mpweya.

Firiji yotenthetsera yapakati: Firiji yotenthetsera yapakati: kutentha kwa evaporation -50 ~ 0°C, kupanikizika kwa condensation (196.113 ~ 29.41995) × 104Pa. Mtundu uwu wa firiji nthawi zambiri umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina wamba otenthetsera a piston okhala ndi gawo limodzi komanso magawo awiri.

Choziziritsira champhamvu komanso chotentha pang'ono: choziziritsira champhamvu komanso chotentha pang'ono: kutentha kwa nthunzi kumakhala kotsika kuposa -50°C, ndipo kuthamanga kwa condensation kumakhala kokwera kuposa 196.133×104Pa. Mtundu uwu wa choziziritsira ndi woyenera gawo lotentha pang'ono la chipangizo choziziritsira cha cascade kapena chipangizo chotentha pang'ono pansi pa -70°C.