1. Maziko a malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kochepa, ndipo chinyezi m'nthaka chimazizira mosavuta. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa nthaka pambuyo pa kuzizira, izi zimayambitsa kuphulika kwa nthaka ndi kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka nyumba yonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira asagwiritsidwe ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, kuwonjezera pa kukhala ndi gawo lothandiza lotetezera kutentha, pansi pa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira kutentha kochepa ayeneranso kukonzedwa kuti nthaka isazizire. Pansi pa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira pamafunika kuyika katundu wambiri, komanso makina ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zonyamulira katundu, kotero kapangidwe kake kayenera kukhala kolimba komanso kokhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yonyamulira katundu. Nyumba zomangira zimakhala zosavuta kuwonongeka m'malo otentha kwambiri, makamaka nthawi yozizira ndi kusungunuka. Chifukwa chake, zipangizo zoyikiramo zinthu zozizira komanso kapangidwe ka gawo lililonse la malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira ziyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira zoteteza kuzizira.
2. Pakuyika malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, kufalikira kwa nthunzi ya madzi ndi kulowa kwa mpweya kuyenera kupewedwa. Mpweya wakunja ukalowa, sikuti umangowonjezera kuzizira kwa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, komanso umabweretsa chinyezi m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Kuundana kwa chinyezi kumapangitsa kuti nyumbayo, makamaka malo otetezera kutentha, awonongeke ndi chinyezi ndi kuzizira. Kutseka bwino kwambiri ndi chinyezi komanso zotchinga nthunzi.
3. Pakuyika malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, fan yoziziritsira iyenera kusankha zida zomwe zimawongolera zokha kusungunuka kwa madzi. Dongosolo lowongolera lokha liyenera kukhala ndi sensa yoyenera komanso yodalirika ya frost layer kapena chotumizira mphamvu yosiyana kuti imve nthawi yabwino yosungunuka; payenera kukhala njira yoyenera yosungunuka ndi sensa yoziziritsira kutentha kwa fan fin kuti isatenthe kwambiri.
4. Malo a chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zozizira ali pafupi kwambiri ndi evaporator, ndipo n'zosavuta kusamalira ndipo zimachotsa kutentha bwino. Ngati chachotsedwa, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa denga, ndipo ngodya zinayi za chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zozizira ziyenera kuyikidwa ndi ma gaskets osagwedezeka. Mulingo woyika ndi wolimba, ndipo sikophweka kukhudza ndi anthu.
5. Rediyeta ya chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zozizira iyenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zozizira. Ndi bwino kuiyika pamwamba pa chipangizo chosungiramo zinthu zozizira. Malo oyikapo radiyeta ayenera kukhala ndi malo abwino kwambiri ochotsera kutentha. Tuyere sayenera kukhala yotsekedwa ndi kuyang'ana mawindo ena (makamaka mawindo okhala m'nyumba) ndi zida. Iyenera kukhala yayitali mamita 2 kuchokera pansi ndipo mulingo woyikapo uyenera kukhala wolimba.
6. Mapaipi amkuwa a chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zozizira ayenera kukulungidwa kudzera m'mapaipi oteteza kutentha ndi mawaya mbali imodzi pamodzi ndi zingwe zoziziritsira mpweya, ndipo mapaipi ayenera kukhala owongoka momwe angathere ndikukhazikika m'magawo.
7. Kuwonjezera pa kumanga waya ndi zingwe zoziziritsira mpweya, iyenera kutetezedwa ndi mapayipi ozungulira kapena mipata ya zingwe. Mawaya owonetsera kutentha sayenera kuyikidwa pafupi ndi zingwe momwe angathere.
8. Popeza condenser ndi evaporator ya chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zozizira zasindikizidwa ndi kutsekedwa mufakitale, payenera kukhala kupanikizika potsegula phukusi, ndipo mutha kuwona ngati pali kutuluka kulikonse. Mapaipi amkuwa ayenera kukhala ndi miyeso yotsekera fumbi mbali zonse ziwiri. Amatsekedwa kuti fumbi lisalowe mu chubu. Condenser, host yosungiramo zinthu zozizira, evaporator ndi chubu cha mkuwa zimalumikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yowotcherera, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi olimba komanso okongola. Kuti kutentha kukhale kotsika pang'ono mu chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zozizira, makoma, pansi ndi denga lathyathyathya la chipinda chosungiramo zinthu zozizira zimayikidwa.
9. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yokhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira mwachangu ndi yosiyana ndi nyumba zamakampani ndi zapakhomo, ndipo ili ndi kapangidwe kake kapadera. Kukhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira nthawi zambiri kumaletsa kufalikira kwa nthunzi ya madzi ndi kulowa kwa mpweya. Kukhuthala kwina kwa zinthu zotetezera kutentha kuti zichepetse kutentha kuchokera kudziko lakunja. Pofuna kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa mphamvu yowala kuchokera ku dzuwa, khoma lakunja la malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira nthawi zambiri limapakidwa utoto woyera kapena wopepuka. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira, kuwunika kwathunthu kwa chitetezo chamagetsi kwa makinawa kuyenera kuchitika kuti kuthetse zoopsa zobisika, kuphatikizapo ngati ma terminal kapena zolumikizira za waya zolumikizira zili zotayirira, kukalamba, komanso ngati chivundikiro chachitsulo chamatirira pa waya, ndi zina zotero.
10. Pa ma compressor otsekedwa bwino komanso ma compressor ozizira mpweya opanda galasi lowonera mafuta ndi chipangizo chotetezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta, chipangizo chotetezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta chiyenera kutha kuyima chokha ngati mafuta akusowa. Phokoso lochulukirapo la compressor, kugwedezeka kapena mphamvu yamagetsi zitha kukhala zokhudzana ndi kusowa kwa mafuta. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuweruza molondola momwe compressor ndi makina amagwirira ntchito. Ngati kutentha kwa mlengalenga kuli kotsika kwambiri, zida zina zotetezera kuthamanga kwa mafuta zitha kulephera, zomwe zingayambitse compressor kutha.
11. Kuchuluka kwa nthawi yosungunula mafuta komanso nthawi yopitilira kuyeneranso kukhazikitsidwa mosamala kuti mafuta asasinthe kapena kugwedezeka kwa mafuta. Ngati liwiro lili lotsika kwambiri, mafuta odzola mafuta adzakhalabe muipi ya gasi yobwerera, ndipo liwiro la gasi yobwerera lidzachepa pakakhala kutayikira kwa mafuta ambiri mufiriji, ndipo silidzatha kubwerera ku compressor mwachangu.
12. Mtunda pakati pa ma bend obwezerera mafuta omwe aikidwa mu malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira uyenera kukhala woyenera. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma bend obwezerera mafuta kuli kwakukulu, mafuta ena odzola ayenera kuwonjezeredwa. Compressor ikafika pamwamba kuposa evaporator, bend yobwezerera mafuta pa chitoliro chobwezerera choyima ndi wofunikira. Bend yobwezerera mafuta iyenera kukhala yaying'ono momwe zingathere. Liwiro lobwezerera mpweya lidzachepetsedwa, ndipo payipi yobwezerera mafuta ya makina osinthira katundu omwe aikidwa mu malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira iyeneranso kusamala. Pamene katundu wachepetsedwa. Liwiro lotsika kwambiri ndi labwino pobwezerera mafuta. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta akubwerera pansi pa katundu wochepa, chitoliro choyima choyima chingagwiritse ntchito chokweza kawiri. Mafuta odzola omwe aikidwa mu malo osungiramo zinthu ozizira amatha kungosiyidwa mu chitolirocho, mafuta akubwerera ndi ochepa kuposa mafuta omwe akuyenda, ndipo kuyambika kwa compressor pafupipafupi kumapindulitsa pobwezerera mafuta. Chifukwa nthawi yogwira ntchito mosalekeza ndi yochepa kwambiri, compressor imayima ndipo palibe nthawi yoti apange mpweya wokhazikika wothamanga kwambiri mu chitoliro chobwezerera, ndipo compressor idzakhala ndi mafuta ochepa. Nthawi yogwirira ntchito ikafupika, payipi imakhala yayitali, ndipo makina ake amakhala ovuta kwambiri, vuto lobwezeretsa mafuta limaonekera kwambiri.
13. Ngati mafuta odzola ndi ochepa kapena palibe, padzakhala kukangana kwakukulu pamwamba pa bearing, ndipo kutentha kudzakwera mofulumira mkati mwa masekondi ochepa. Ngati mphamvu ya mota ndi yayikulu mokwanira, crankshaft idzapitirira kuzungulira, ndipo crankshaft ndi malo oberekera zidzawonongeka kapena kukanda, apo ayi crankshaft idzatsekedwa ndi ma bearing ndipo idzasiya kuzungulira. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitikanso ndi kayendedwe ka pisitoni mu silinda. Kusowa kwa mafuta kungayambitse kuwonongeka kapena kukanda. Pazochitika zazikulu, pisitoni idzamangika mu silinda ndipo singathe kuyenda.
14. Ngati pisitoni yomwe yayikidwa mufiriji ikutuluka chifukwa cha kuwonongeka, ndi zina zotero, kubwerera kwa mafuta odzola ku compressor casing sikutanthauza kuti abwerera ku crankcase. Kupanikizika kwa crankcase kumakwera, ndipo valavu yowunikira kubweza mafuta imatsekedwa yokha chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kuthamanga. Mafuta odzola omwe abwerera kuchokera ku chitoliro chobwezera amakhalabe mu injini ndipo sangathe kulowa mu crankcase. Ili ndi vuto la kubweza mafuta mkati. Zingayambitse kusowa kwa mafuta. Kuphatikiza pa ngozi yamtunduwu yomwe imachitika m'makina akale okalamba, kuyambika kwamadzimadzi komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusamuka kwa refrigerant kungayambitsenso mavuto obweza mafuta mkati, koma nthawi zambiri nthawi imakhala yochepa, osapitirira mphindi khumi. Zitha kuwonedwa kuti mulingo wa mafuta wa compressor ukupitirira kutsika, ndipo vuto la kubweza mafuta mkati limachitika, mpaka chipangizo chotetezera cha hydraulic chikagwira ntchito. Mulingo wa mafuta mu crankcase umachira mwachangu compressor itazimitsidwa. Chifukwa chachikulu cha vuto la kubweza mafuta mkati ndi kutuluka kwa silinda, ndipo zigawo za piston zomwe zawonongeka ziyenera kusinthidwa pakapita nthawi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-11-2022
