1. Kutentha komwe kumatengedwa ndi refrigerant kuchokera ku malo ozizira pamene kuwira ndi kupsa mu evaporator kumatchedwa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya makina oziziritsira.
2. Kuwonjezera pa kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wa gasi ndi madzi, firiji imakhalanso ndi kusintha kwa mkhalidwe wa mpweya wamadzimadzi panthawi yoyenda mu makina oziziritsira.
6. Kusungunuka kwa mpweya kumatha kuchitika mwa kupanikizika kapena kuziziritsa, ngakhale mpweyawo utapitirira kutentha kofunikira. 7. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi yotentha kwambiri mu nthawi yoziziritsa ndiko kupewa madontho amadzimadzi kulowa mu compressor ndikuyambitsa nyundo yamadzimadzi m'malo mowonjezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya woziziritsa.
8. Dongosolo la kutentha kwa utsi kuyambira pansi mpaka pamwamba pa R717, R22, ndi R134a pansi pa mikhalidwe yofanana yogwirira ntchito ndi R134a < R22 < R717.
9. Ngati kukhuthala kwa mafuta opaka mafuta kuli kokwera kwambiri, kutentha kwa utsi kudzakhala kokwera kwambiri, koma ngati kuli kotsika kwambiri, kungayambitse mafuta osayenera m'malo motentha kwambiri.
10. Dothi lochuluka pamwamba pa evaporator lidzapangitsa kuti kutentha kwa evaporation kwa refrigerant kuchepe, ndipo mphamvu yogwirira ntchito ya compressor ikhoza kuwonjezeka.
11. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kwambiri mu nthawi yoziziritsa nthawi zonse kumakhala kopindulitsa pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a nthawi yoziziritsa.
12. Mukagwiritsa ntchito saline ngati refrigerant, popeza kutentha kwa saline kumasiyana malinga ndi kuchuluka kwake, kuchuluka kwa saline kumasankhidwa kutengera kutentha kwa yankho kukhala pafupifupi madigiri 5.°C yotsika kuposa kutentha kwa evaporation ya refrigerant.
13. Mlingo wa vacuum umatanthauza kusiyana pakati pa kuthamanga kwathunthu kwa madzi ogwirira ntchito mu chidebe ndi kuthamanga kwakunja kwa mlengalenga.
14. Malinga ngati kutentha kwa pamwamba pa chinthucho kuli kokwera kuposa mame a mpweya, kutentha sikudzaundana.
15. Chofunika kwambiri pa kuzizira ndi kusamutsa kutentha kwa chinthu chotentha pang'ono kupita kumalo otentha kwambiri.
16. Cholinga choziziritsira madzi oziziritsa ndi kuchepetsa mpweya woipa womwe umapangidwa panthawi yothira mpweya, motero kuwonjezera mphamvu yoziziritsira ya chipangizocho.
17. Mafuta oziziritsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu compressor yoziziritsa sangasinthidwe ndi mafuta a injini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.
18. Montreal Protocol ikunena kuti mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene adzasiya kugwiritsa ntchito refrigerant yosinthira ya R22 mu 2030.
19. Makhalidwe a thermodynamic a R134a ali pafupi kwambiri ndi a R12. Kugwiritsa ntchito R134a m'malo mwa R12 kumafuna kusintha kwina ku dongosolo chifukwa makhalidwe enieni a awiriwa ndi osiyana.
20. Machubu otenthetsera kutentha a ammonia condenser nthawi zambiri sapangidwa ndi machubu amkuwa chifukwa ammonia ndi mkuwa zimayamwa.
21. Ammonia imayamwa bwino madzi, koma kutentha kochepa, madzi amatuluka kuchokera ku madzi a ammonia ndikuzizira. Komabe, zomwe zimachitika mu dongosolo si "kutseka ayezi", koma zimatha kutsekeka kwa mapaipi.
22. Machubu a mkuwa nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapaipi oziziritsa m'makina oziziritsira a ammonia chifukwa ammonia ndi mkuwa zimakhudzidwa.
23. N’zoona kuti Freon siiwononga zitsulo, koma zambiri mwa izo zimatha kusungunuka mu mafuta.
24. Maatomu a chlorine omwe ali mu Freon ndi omwe amachititsa kuti mpweya wa ozoni uwonongeke, osati fluorine.
25. Njira yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito ya compressor ya pistoni imaphatikizapo njira zoyamwa, kukanikiza, kutulutsa utsi, ndi ma valve okulitsa.
26. Si makina onse oziziritsira omwe amafunika kuyika zowumitsira. Amafunika kokha ngati mugwiritsa ntchito ma refrigerant enaake ndipo ayezi angatsekeke.
27. Kuwerenga pa pressure gauge ndi relative pressure (gauge pressure), osati absolute pressure.
28. Kuwira kwa madzi kumagwirizana ndi kupanikizika. Kuthamanga kukakhala kwakukulu, kuwira kumakhala kwakukulu.
29. Refrigerant ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito mu makina oziziritsira osalunjika, omwe ndi osiyana ndi refrigerant.
30. Kusunga mufiriji ndi njira yochepetsera kutentha kwa malo kapena chinthu ndikusunga kutentha kumeneku pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopangidwira.
31. Ntchito ya cholekanitsa mafuta mu makina oziziritsira ndi kulekanitsa mafuta odzola ndi firiji, osati kuletsa madzi kusakanizika mu mafuta odzola.
32. Chotenthetsera ndi chipangizo chosinthira kutentha chomwe chimayamwa kutentha pamene chotenthetseracho chikuphwa.
33. Ngati madzi kapena mpweya wozizira watenthedwa mu silinda, udzawonjezera mphamvu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kufutukuka komanso kuphulika mosavuta.
34. R134a ndi firiji yotetezeka. Mafuta ake si mafuta a mchere, koma mafuta a polyester opangidwa.
35. R134a ndi firiji yomwe ilibe chlorine. Siiwononga mpweya wa ozoni womwe uli mumlengalenga, koma ndi mpweya wowonjezera kutentha. Ikatulutsidwa mumlengalenga, imawonjezera kutentha kwa mpweya.
36. R22 imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'ma air conditioner ndi ma coolers apakhomo ndi amalonda am'deralo. Ndi refrigerant ya HCFC ndipo yaletsedwa m'maiko osatukuka pofika chaka cha 2030.
37. Ngati ammonia ituluka mufiriji ndikusakanikirana ndi mpweya pamlingo winawake, idzakhala yoopsa kuyaka ndi kuphulika ikakumana ndi moto.
38. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwapadera ndi chizindikiro choyezera momwe firiji imagwirira ntchito, koma si chizindikiro chokha chofunikira.
39. Mphamvu yoziziritsira ya compressor yayikulu yoziziritsira ndi yoposa 550kw.
40. Mafiriji osakanikirana amagawidwa m'mafiriji a azeotropic ndi mafiriji osagwiritsa ntchito azeotropic.
Nthawi yotumizira: Marichi-04-2025
