1. Chokompressor:
Chokometsera cha firiji ndi chimodzi mwa zida zazikulu zosungiramo zinthu zozizira. Kusankha bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri. Mphamvu yozizira ya chokometsera cha firiji ndi mphamvu ya mota yofanana zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi kutentha kwa nthunzi ndi kutentha kwa kuzizira.
Kutentha kwa kuzizira ndi kutentha kwa nthunzi ndi zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma compressor oziziritsa, omwe amatchedwa mikhalidwe ya kuzizira. Pambuyo poti kuziziritsa kwa malo osungira ozizira kwawerengedwa, chipangizo cha compressor chomwe chili ndi mphamvu yoyenera yoziziritsira chingasankhidwe.
Ma compressor oziziritsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina oziziritsa osungiramo zinthu zozizira ndi mtundu wa piston ndi mtundu wa screw. Tsopano ma compressor ozungulira pang'onopang'ono akhala ma compressor ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina ang'onoang'ono oziziritsa osungiramo zinthu zozizira.
Mfundo zazikulu zosankhira ma compressor oziziritsa m'malo ozizira
1. Mphamvu yoziziritsira ya compressor iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zozizira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri sizigwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi.
2. Kudziwa mphamvu ndi chiwerengero cha makina amodzi kuyenera kuganiziridwa malinga ndi zinthu monga kusintha kwa mphamvu komanso kusintha kwa momwe zinthu zoziziritsira zimagwirira ntchito. Ma compressor akuluakulu ayenera kusankhidwa kuti asungidwe m'malo ozizira okhala ndi katundu wambiri woziziritsira kuti apewe kuchuluka kwa makinawo. Chiwerengero cha ma compressor akuluakulu osungiramo ozizira sichosavuta kusankha. Kuphatikiza pa awiri, chimodzi chingasankhidwe kuti chisungidwe m'malo ozizira nthawi zonse.
3. Sankhani compressor yoyenera malinga ndi chiŵerengero chowerengedwa cha compression. Pa ma compressor a Freon, gwiritsani ntchito compressor ya gawo limodzi ngati chiŵerengero cha compression chili chochepera 10, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito compressor ya magawo awiri ngati chiŵerengero cha compression chili chachikulu kuposa 10.
4. Posankha ma compressor angapo, kuthekera kosunga zinthu pamodzi ndi kusintha magawo pakati pa mayunitsi kuyenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira. Ma compressor a yuniti imodzi ayenera kukhala a mndandanda womwewo kapena chitsanzo chomwecho.
5. Mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito ya compressor yoziziritsa iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga momwe zingathere, ndipo mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito sayenera kupitirira malire ogwirira ntchito omwe adatchulidwa ndi wopanga compressor. Ndi kukhwima kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wowongolera kuziziritsa, chipangizo cha compressor cholamulidwa ndi microcomputer ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
6. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka screw compressor, kuchuluka kwa voliyumu yake kumasintha malinga ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera, kotero screw compressor imatha kusintha malinga ndi momwe ntchito ikuyendera. Chiŵerengero cha compression cha single-stege cha screw compressor ndi chachikulu ndipo chili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito. Pansi pa economizer, mphamvu yogwirira ntchito yapamwamba ingapezeke.
7. Chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, phokoso lochepa komanso kugwira ntchito kokhazikika, ma compressor ozungulira akhala akusamalidwa kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa, ndipo akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapulojekiti ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati osungira zinthu zozizira.
Zipangizo zosinthira kutentha: condenser
Choziziritsira mpweya chingagawidwe m'magulu awiri: choziziritsidwa ndi madzi, choziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, ndi chosakanikirana ndi madzi ndi mpweya malinga ndi njira yozizira ndi njira yoziziritsira mpweya.
Mfundo zazikulu zogwiritsira ntchito posankha condenser
1. Chokondezera choyimirira chimayikidwa kunja kwa chipinda cha makina ndipo ndi choyenera madera omwe ali ndi madzi ambiri koma opanda madzi abwino kapena kutentha kwa madzi kwambiri.
2. Ma condenser amadzi ogona amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu makina a Freon, nthawi zambiri amaikidwa m'chipinda cha makompyuta, ndipo ndi oyenera madera omwe kutentha kwa madzi ndi madzi ndi abwino.
3. Ma condenser otulutsa mpweya ndi oyenera madera omwe ali ndi chinyezi chochepa kapena kusowa kwa madzi, ndipo amafunika kuyikidwa pamalo opumira bwino panja.
4. Ma condenser oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya ndi oyenera madera omwe ali ndi madzi ochepa, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makina ang'onoang'ono komanso apakatikati a Freon.
5. Mitundu yonse ya ma condenser ozizira ndi madzi imatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yozizira yozungulira madzi,
6. Pa ma condenser ozizira kapena otuluka madzi, kutentha kwa condenser kuyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi muyezo wa dziko lonse panthawi yopangira, koma sayenera kupitirira 40 °C.
7. Poganizira mtengo wa zida, mtengo wa evaporative condenser ndi wapamwamba kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi malo osungira ozizira akuluakulu ndi apakatikati, evaporative condenser ndi mitundu ina ya evaporative condenser ndi kuphatikiza madzi ozizira, mtengo woyambirira womanga ndi wofanana, koma evaporative condenser ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri pakagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pake. Pofuna kusunga mphamvu ndi madzi, evaporative condenser imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa evaporative condenser m'maiko otukuka, koma m'madera omwe kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi chambiri, zotsatira za evaporative condenser sizoyenera.
Zachidziwikire, chisankho chomaliza cha condenser chimadalira momwe nyengo ilili m'derali komanso ubwino wa madzi a gwero la madzi am'deralo. Zimakhudzananso ndi kutentha kwenikweni kwa malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira komanso zofunikira pa kapangidwe ka chipinda cha makompyuta.
Valavu yolumikizira throttle:
Njira yothira mpweya ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zinayi zazikulu za makina oziziritsira mpweya m'malo ozizira, ndipo ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri kuti mpweya uzizizira bwino. Ntchito yake ndi kuchepetsa kutentha ndi kupanikizika kwa firiji mu accumulator pambuyo pothira mpweya, komanso nthawi yomweyo kusintha kayendedwe ka firiji malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu.
Malinga ndi njira yosinthira yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, njira yolumikizira throttle ingagawidwe m'magulu awa: valavu yolumikizira throttle yosinthira ndi manja, valavu yolumikizira throttle yosinthira mulingo wamadzimadzi, njira yolumikizira throttle yosasinthika, valavu yolumikizira electronic yosinthidwa ndi electron pulse, ndi nthunzi yosinthidwa kutentha kwambiri. Valavu yolumikizira kutentha.
Valavu yowonjezera kutentha ndi chipangizo chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu dongosolo loziziritsira la boma. Imasintha digiri yotsegulira ya valavu ndikusintha madzi poyesa digiri ya kutentha kwambiri ya mpweya wobwerera pa chitoliro chotulukira cha evaporator kudzera mu sensa ya kutentha, ndipo imasintha yokha mkati mwa mtunda winawake. Ntchito ya kuchuluka kwa madzi, ntchito yosinthira kuchuluka kwa madzi olimba omwe amalowa m'malo okhazikika imasintha ndi kusintha kwa kutentha.
Ma valve okulitsa akhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mtundu wa balance wamkati ndi mtundu wa balance wakunja malinga ndi kapangidwe kawo.
Valavu yokulitsa kutentha yolinganizidwa mkati ndi yoyenera makina oziziritsira omwe ali ndi mphamvu yochepa ya evaporator. Kawirikawiri, mavavu okulitsa kutentha olinganizidwa mkati amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina ang'onoang'ono oziziritsira.
Ngati evaporator ili ndi cholekanitsa madzi kapena payipi yotulutsira madzi ili yayitali ndipo pali nthambi zambiri mu dongosolo loziziritsira lomwe lili ndi kutayika kwakukulu kwa mphamvu mbali zonse ziwiri za evaporator, valavu yowonjezera yakunja imasankhidwa.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya ma valve okulitsa kutentha, ndipo ma valve okulitsa okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ali ndi mphamvu zosiyana zoziziritsira. Kusankha kuyenera kutengera kukula kwa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya makina osungira ozizira, mtundu wa refrigerant, kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya musanayambe komanso mutatha valavu yowonjezera, komanso kukula kwa evaporator. Zinthu monga kutsika kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya zimasankhidwa mutatha kukonza mphamvu yoziziritsira ya valavu yowonjezera.
Dziwani mtundu wa valavu yowonjezera kutentha yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina osungira ozizira powerengera kutayika kwa kuthamanga ndi kutentha kwa mpweya. Ngati kutayika kwa kuthamanga kuli kochepera pa mtengo womwe watchulidwa, malire amkati amatha kusankhidwa, ndipo malire akunja amatha kusankhidwa pamene mtengo uli waukulu kuposa tebulo.
Chachinayi, zida zosinthira kutentha - evaporator
Chotenthetsera madzi ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zinayi zofunika kwambiri mu dongosolo loziziritsira la malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira. Chimagwiritsa ntchito choziziritsira madzi kuti chizime pansi pa mphamvu yochepa, chimayamwa kutentha kwa choziziritsira, ndikukwaniritsa cholinga chochepetsa kutentha kwa choziziritsira.
Ma evaporators amaikidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana zoziziritsira, ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: ma evaporators a zakumwa zoziziritsira ndi ma evaporators a mpweya woziziritsira.
Chotenthetsera mpweya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira mpweya m'malo ozizira ndi chotenthetsera mpweya choziziritsira mpweya.
Mfundo yosankha mawonekedwe a evaporator:
1. Kusankha kwa evaporator kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa mokwanira malinga ndi kukonza chakudya ndi kuzizira kapena zofunikira zina zaukadaulo.
2. Mikhalidwe yogwiritsira ntchito ndi miyezo yaukadaulo ya evaporator iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za zida zoziziritsira zomwe zilipo pano
3. Zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zoziziritsira, zipinda zoziziritsira, ndi zipinda zoziziritsira
4. Mapaipi otulutsa utsi a aluminiyamu, mapaipi otulutsa utsi pamwamba, mapaipi otulutsa utsi pakhoma kapena zoziziritsira mpweya zonse zingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'chipinda chosungiramo firiji pazinthu zozizira. Chakudya chikapakidwa bwino, choziziritsira chingagwiritsidwe ntchito. N'zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a chitoliro chotulutsa utsi ngati chakudya popanda kulongedza.
5. Chifukwa cha njira zosiyanasiyana zoziziritsira chakudya, zida zoyenera zoziziritsira ziyenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili, monga machubu oziziritsira kapena malo oziziritsira a mtundu wa chubu.
6. Zipangizo zoziziritsira zomwe zili m'chipinda chopakira ndi zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zoziziritsira mpweya pamene kutentha kosungira kuli kokwera kuposa -5 °C, ndipo chotenthetsera cha mtundu wa chubu ndi choyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kutentha kosungira kuli kotsika kuposa -5 °C.
7. Firiji ndi yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi osalala okhala ndi mzere wapamwamba.
Fani yosungiramo zinthu zozizira ili ndi zabwino zambiri monga kusinthana kutentha kwakukulu, kukhazikitsa kosavuta komanso kosavuta, malo ochepa okhala, mawonekedwe okongola, kuwongolera zokha, komanso kusungunula kwathunthu. Imakondedwa ndi malo ambiri osungiramo zinthu zozizira, malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira azachipatala, komanso mapulojekiti osungiramo zinthu zozizira zamasamba.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-18-2022
