Dongosolo la firiji, dongosolo la madzi ozizira, dongosolo la madzi oziziritsa ndi mapaipi osungunula madzi, ma flange, ma valve, mapampu amadzimadzi ndi zotengera, ndi zina zotero, mu kuthamanga ndi kutentha komwe kumasintha nthawi zonse kwa nthawi yayitali, ndi refrigerant, refrigerant, madzi, mpweya ndi zina zowononga, kapangidwe kake ndi zinthu zake zidzachitika mosiyanasiyana ngati kuonda kapena kusintha, mpaka kufika pamlingo woti ngoziyo ingachitike.
1. Kukonza kusintha kwa mapaipi m'deralo
Kuti muchotse vuto la kusintha kwa malo, ndikofunikira kudziwa chifukwa chake kuchokera ku kapangidwe ndi ntchito. Monga chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya cha khoma chosungiramo zinthu zozizira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi oundana chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, chiyenera kulimbitsa ntchito yosungunula madzi. Ngati payipi ndi yayitali kwambiri, kusintha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mtunda wa bulaketi kapena hanger, bulaketi kapena hanger iyenera kuwonjezeredwa. Ngati kusinthaku sikuli kwakukulu, sikukhudza kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, kungathe kudikira kukonzanso kenako kukonza, koma kuyenera kulimbitsa ntchito yowunikira ndi kukonza. Ngati chubu chapindika kwambiri, gawo lopindika la chubu likhoza kudulidwa pambuyo poti choziziritsira mu chubu chachotsedwa ndikuyika chowongolera kuti chiwongolere. Kupanikizika kumafunika kuti kukhale kofanana komanso pang'onopang'ono, osagunda ndi sledgehammer, ndipo chitoliro chowongoka chimalumikizidwa ku chitoliro chotulutsa mpweya.
2. Kukonza ming'alu ya mapaipi ndi mabowo a mapaipi
Ngati ming'alu ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono sizili zazikulu, nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito njira yowotcherera yokonzera. Ngati kutayikira kwa mpweya kukutuluka, kutayikira kwa welding sikuyenera kupitirira nthawi ziwiri, kapena kuyenera kusinthidwa kuti kuthetse chitolirocho. Mukalumikiza malo otayikira, ndikoletsedwa kugwira ntchito ndi refrigerant yokhuthala.
3. Kukonzanso flange
1) Yang'anani kuchuluka kwa maboluti omwe aikidwa kale pa kulumikizana kwa flange, ngati ndi omasuka, mangani mtedzawo mofanana ndi sipanala kuti mphamvu ikhale yofanana, koma isakhale yolimba kwambiri. Ngati maboluti asokonekera kapena adzimbirika kwambiri, maboluti atsopano ayenera kusinthidwa.
2) Gasket ya asbestos yomwe ili pa flange yolumikizira yayamba kuzizira kapena kupsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yotsekera itayike, ndipo iyenera kusinthidwa ndi gasket yatsopano. Musanasinthe gasket yatsopano, gasket yoyambirira iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikutsukidwa ndi parafini kuti muwone ngati chingwe chotsekera cha flange chayamba kuzizira kapena kuwonongeka. Ngati palibe vuto lingasinthidwe ndi gasket yatsopano, kulimbitsa kwa ma bolts a flange kungachitike. Ngati pamwamba pa flange pali dzimbiri lalikulu kapena kuwonongeka kwa mzere wotsekera, mutha kusintha flange yatsopano kapena kukonza yoyenera kenako ndikuyiyika pa gasket yatsopano kuti mupewe kugwiritsa ntchito kutayikira.
3) Msoko wowotcherera suli wolimba, uyenera kukonzedwa wolumikizidwa.
4) Ngati chowotcherera chimapangitsa kuti flange ipindike ndipo sichikukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga, chiyenera kutembenuzidwa ndikukonzedwa kapena kusinthidwa.
5) Mu ndondomeko yoyika, ngati mzere wapakati wa flanges ziwiri suli wofanana, kupendekera kwake pamwamba sikuli kofanana, chitolirocho chiyenera kudulidwa ndikuwotchereranso.
4. Kukonza ma valavu
1) Kusinthana kwa kulongedza. Ntchito yayikulu ya kulongedza ndikuletsa kuti zinthu zogwirira ntchito zisamatuluke ndi kukhazikika kwa tsinde la valavu. Ngati kutayikira pang'ono, kungathe kulimbitsa gland yolongedza, monga kutayikira sikungachotsedwe, kuyenera kusintha kulongedza. Kusinthana kwa tsinde la valavu kuyenera kuchotsedwa mpaka kumapeto, ndi pini yolongedza ku kulongedza kwakale, kenako nkukonzekera kukulunga kulongedza kwatsopano, kenako kumangirira gland.
2) Konzani spool. Mu ntchito zoziziritsa mpweya ndi zoziziritsira, komwe valavu ili ndi mainchesi akuluakulu, spool imadalira wosanjikiza wa aloyi wopasteurized kapena pulasitiki ya fluorine. Kumbuyo kwa spool kulinso ndi wosanjikiza wa aloyi wopasteurized, kotero kuti tsinde la valavu likaponyedwa pansi, limatha kutseka zinthuzo popanda kutuluka kunja motsatira tsinde la valavu.
Vavu ikachotsedwa, choyamba wongolerani tsinde la vavu kuti lichotsedwe, kenako sinthani spool ya alloy yopasteurized, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, mpando wa vavu uyeneranso kuphwanyidwa, kuti spool ndi mpando wa vavu zikhale zolimba.
Pa chitsulo chaching'ono chopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena brass valve spool, chisindikizo cha valavu iyi chimadalira mzere wolumikizana ndi chitsulo kuti chipezeke, chomwe chimatchedwa line seal. Chifukwa ndi line seal, motero mpando wa valavu ndi spool ziyenera kuphwanyidwa mosamala kuti zipeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri zotsekera.
Kukonza ma valavu kwatha, kuyenera kutsatizana ndi zofunikira za mayeso a mpweya.
Makina oziziritsira omwe amakonzedwa ndi valavu yotetezera nawonso ndi ofanana ndi omwe ali pamwambapa, koma chifukwa cha aloyi yofewa yopasteurized, nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kupanikizika kwambiri komanso kugwira ntchito kwa valavu yotetezera pakapita nthawi, zimakhala zovuta kubwerera pamalo oyamba, kotero kuti kupanikizika kukatsika kufika pa kupsinjika kotseka, kutsekedwa sikumakhala kolimba. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, zinthu zina zasinthidwa ndi aloyi ya nickel-chromium-titanium (hard), kapena ndi polytetrafluoroethylene m'malo mwake.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-11-2023
