1. Chidziwitso choyambira cha mpweya woziziritsa pakati
1. Kodi firiji ndi chiyani ndipo mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi iti?
Chinthu chogwira ntchito chomwe chimasamutsa kutentha pakati pa chinthu chomwe chikufunika kuziziritsidwa ndi chozungulira, kenako chimasamutsa kutentha kuchokera ku chinthu chomwe chikufunika kuziziritsidwa kupita ku chozungulira mufiriji chomwe chimachita nthawi yoziziritsira. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi yakuti choziziritsira chimayamwa kutentha kwa chinthu chozizira chomwe chili mu evaporator ndikusanduka nthunzi.
2. Kodi firiji yachiwiri ndi chiyani ndipo mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndi iti?
Chinthu chozizira chomwe chimasamutsa mphamvu yoziziritsira ya chipangizo choziziritsira ku chipangizo choziziritsira. Mwachitsanzo, madzi ozizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amaziziritsidwa mu evaporator kenako amanyamulidwa mtunda wautali kuti aziziritse zinthu zomwe ziyenera kuziziritsidwa.
3. Kodi kutentha koyenera n’chiyani?
Ndiko kuti, kutentha komwe kumayambitsa kusintha kwa kutentha popanda kusintha mawonekedwe a chinthu kumatchedwa kutentha koyenera. Kusintha kwa kutentha koyenera kumatha kuyezedwa ndi zida zoyezera kutentha.
4. Kodi kutentha kobisika n’chiyani?
Kutentha komwe kumayambitsa kusintha kwa mkhalidwe (komwe kumadziwikanso kuti kusintha kwa gawo) popanda kusintha kutentha kwa chinthucho kumatchedwa kutentha kobisika. Kusintha kwa kutentha kobisika sikungayesedwe ndi zida zoyezera kutentha.
5. Kodi kupanikizika kwa mphamvu, kupanikizika kosasinthasintha ndi kupsinjika konse ndi chiyani?
Posankha choziziritsira mpweya kapena fani, mfundo zitatu za kupanikizika kosasinthasintha, kupanikizika kwamphamvu, ndi kupsinjika konse nthawi zambiri zimakumana.
Kupanikizika kosasinthasintha (Pi): Kupanikizika komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mamolekyu a mpweya pakhoma la chitoliro chifukwa cha kuyenda kosasinthasintha kumatchedwa kupanikizika kosasinthasintha. Powerengera, kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli ndi vacuum yokwanira ngati mfundo ya zero kumatchedwa kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli ndi mpweya wochepa. Kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli ndi mpweya wochepa ngati zero kumatchedwa kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli ndi mpweya wochepa. Kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli mu mpweya wochepa mu mpweya woziziritsa kumatanthauza kupanikizika kosasinthasintha komwe kuli ndi mpweya wochepa. Kupanikizika kosasinthasintha kumakhala kwabwino pamene kuli kokwera kuposa mpweya wochepa ndipo koipa pamene kuli kotsika kuposa mpweya wochepa.
Kupanikizika kwamphamvu (Pb): kumatanthauza kupanikizika komwe kumachitika mpweya ukayenda. Malinga ngati mpweya ukuyenda mu duct ya mpweya, padzakhala kupanikizika kwinakwake, ndipo phindu lake nthawi zonse lidzakhala labwino.
Kupanikizika konse (Pq): Kupanikizika konse ndi chiwerengero cha algebraic cha kupanikizika kosasinthasintha ndi kupanikizika kosinthasintha: Pq=Pi + Pb. Kupanikizika konse kumayimira mphamvu yonse yomwe ili ndi mpweya wa 1m3. Ngati kupanikizika kwa mumlengalenga kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati poyambira powerengera, kungakhale kwabwino kapena koipa.
2. Kugawa kwa ma air conditioner
1. Malinga ndi cholinga chogwiritsira ntchito, ndi mitundu iti ya ma air conditioner yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu?
Choziziritsa mpweya chabwino: chimafuna kutentha koyenera, malo abwino, palibe zofunikira zokhwima pakusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi molondola, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, maofesi, malo owonetsera zisudzo, m'masitolo akuluakulu, m'malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, m'magalimoto, pa sitima, ndege, ndi zina zotero.
Choziziritsira mpweya: Pali chofunikira china chake kuti kutentha kukhale kolondola, komanso palinso chofunika kwambiri kuti mpweya ukhale woyera. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma workshop opanga zida zamagetsi, ma workshop opanga zida molondola, zipinda zamakompyuta, ma labotale a zamoyo, ndi zina zotero.
2. Malinga ndi njira yochizira mpweya, ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu?
Mpweya woziziritsa mpweya: Zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya zimakhala m'chipinda chapakati choziziritsira mpweya, ndipo mpweya wothiridwa umatumizidwa ku makina oziziritsira mpweya m'chipinda chilichonse kudzera mu payipi ya mpweya. Ndi yoyenera malo okhala ndi malo akuluakulu, zipinda zoziritsira mpweya, komanso kutentha ndi chinyezi chapafupi m'chipinda chilichonse.
Mpweya woziziritsa mpweya pang'ono: Dongosolo loziziritsa mpweya lomwe lili ndi makina oziziritsa mpweya pakati komanso malo opumulira mpweya. Dongosololi ndi lovuta kwambiri ndipo limatha kusintha bwino kwambiri. Ndi loyenera ma workshop ndi ma labotale omwe amafunikira kwambiri pakuwunika bwino mpweya.
Mpweya wozizira pang'ono: Chipinda chilichonse chili ndi zida zake zogwiritsira ntchito choziziritsira mpweya, monga choziziritsira mpweya chogawanika. Chingakhalenso dongosolo lopangidwa ndi zoziziritsira mpweya za fan-coil zokhala ndi mapaipi omwe amapereka madzi ozizira ndi otentha pakati, ndipo chipinda chilichonse chimatha kusintha kutentha kwa chipinda chake ngati pakufunika.
3. Malinga ndi mphamvu yozizira, ndi mitundu iti yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu?
Zipangizo zazikulu zoziziritsira mpweya: monga mtundu wa chothira madzi chopingasa, zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya zoziziritsidwa pamwamba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma workshop akuluakulu, m'ma cinema, ndi zina zotero.
Zipangizo zoziziritsira mpweya zapakatikati: monga zoziziritsira madzi ndi zoziziritsira mpweya za makabati, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'ma workshop ang'onoang'ono, zipinda zamakompyuta, malo ochitira misonkhano, malo odyera, ndi zina zotero.
Zipangizo zazing'ono zoziziritsira mpweya: zoziziritsira mpweya zogawanika m'maofesi, m'nyumba, m'nyumba za alendo, ndi zina zotero.
4. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wabwino, ndi mitundu iti ya ma air conditioner yomwe ingagawidwe m'magulu?
Dongosolo Lodutsa Kamodzi: Mpweya wokonzedwa ndi mpweya watsopano, womwe umatumizidwa ku chipinda chilichonse kuti usinthe kutentha ndi chinyezi kenako n’kutulutsidwa kunja, popanda njira zobweza mpweya.
Dongosolo lotsekedwa: dongosolo lomwe mpweya wonse wokonzedwa ndi makina oziziritsira mpweya umazunguliranso ndipo palibe mpweya watsopano womwe umawonjezeredwa.
Dongosolo losakanikirana: Mpweya womwe umayendetsedwa ndi choziziritsira mpweya ndi chisakanizo cha mpweya wobwerera ndi mpweya watsopano.
5. Kugawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi liwiro la mpweya?
Dongosolo lothamanga kwambiri: liwiro la mphepo la njira yayikulu yopititsira mpweya ndi 20-30m/s.
Dongosolo lothamanga pang'ono: liwiro la mphepo la njira yayikulu yopititsira mpweya lili pansi pa 12m/s.
3. Mawu ofala kwambiri okhudza ma air conditioner
1. Mphamvu yozizira yodziwika
Kutentha komwe kumachotsedwa pamalo kapena m'chipinda ndi choziziritsira mpweya pansi pa mkhalidwe wozizira wodziwika pa nthawi iliyonse kumatchedwa mphamvu yozizira yodziwika.
2. Mphamvu yotenthetsera yokha
Kutentha komwe kumatulutsidwa ndi choziziritsira mpweya kupita ku malo kapena chipinda pansi pa kutentha koyenera pa nthawi iliyonse.
3. Chiŵerengero Chogwiritsira Ntchito Mphamvu Moyenera (EER)
Mphamvu yolowera ya injini pa unit iliyonse imasonyeza chiŵerengero cha mphamvu yoziziritsira ya choziziritsira mpweya ndi mphamvu yoziziritsira panthawi yoziziritsira, ndipo unit ndi W/W.
4. Gawo la magwiridwe antchito (COP)
Mtengo wa COP wa compressor yoziziritsira, ndiko kuti: mphamvu yozizira pa mphamvu ya shaft iliyonse.
5. Magawo oyezera mpweya wozizira komanso kusintha kwa kutentha:
Kilowati imodzi (KW) = ma calories 860 (Kcal/h).
Kalori yayikulu (Kcal/h) = 1.163 watts (w).
Toni imodzi yoziziritsira (USRT) = 3024 kcal (Kcal/h).
Toni imodzi ya firiji (USRT) = 3517 Watts (W).
4. Zoziziritsa mpweya wamba
1. Choziziritsira chozizira ndi madzi
Choziziritsira madzi chili m'gulu la makina oziziritsira mpweya omwe ali m'gulu la makina oziziritsira mpweya. Choziziritsira chake ndi madzi, chomwe chimatchedwa choziziritsira, ndipo kuziziritsa kwa choziziritsira kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthana kutentha ndi kuziziritsa madzi otentha bwino. Chifukwa chake, chimatchedwa chipangizo choziziritsira madzi, ndipo chosiyana ndi chipangizo choziziritsira madzi chimatchedwa chipangizo choziziritsira mpweya. Choziziritsira mpweya chimakwaniritsa cholinga choziziritsira pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wokakamiza komanso kusinthana kutentha ndi mpweya wakunja.
2. Dongosolo la VRV
Dongosolo la VRV ndi dongosolo losinthasintha la refrigerant flow. Mawonekedwe ake ndi gulu la mayunitsi akunja, opangidwa ndi mayunitsi ogwira ntchito, mayunitsi othamanga nthawi zonse komanso mayunitsi osinthira ma frequency. Mwa kulumikiza dongosolo la unit yakunja nthawi imodzi, mapaipi oziziritsira amaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo limodzi la chitoliro, lomwe limatha kufananizidwa mosavuta malinga ndi mphamvu ya chipangizo chamkati.
Mayunitsi okwana 30 amkati akhoza kulumikizidwa ku gulu limodzi la mayunitsi amkati, ndipo mphamvu ya yunitsi yamkati ikhoza kusinthidwa mkati mwa 50% mpaka 130% ya mphamvu ya yunitsi yakunja.
3. Makina a module
Makina opangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina a VRV, omwe amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina a modular, amasintha payipi yachikhalidwe ya Freon kukhala makina amadzi, amaphatikiza mayunitsi amkati ndi akunja kukhala makina oziziritsira, ndikusintha makina amkati kukhala makina oziziritsira. Njira yoziziritsira imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthana kwa kutentha kwa madzi oziziritsira. Makina oziziritsirawa amapatsidwa dzina lake chifukwa amatha kusintha okha kuchuluka kwa mayunitsi oyambira malinga ndi zofunikira pa kuziziritsa ndikupeza kuphatikiza kosinthasintha.
4. Choziziritsira cha pisitoni
Choziziritsira cha piston ndi chipangizo choziziritsira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poziziritsira mpweya, chomwe chimasonkhanitsa bwino choziziritsira cha piston, zida zothandizira ndi zowonjezera zofunika kuti zigwire ntchito yoziziritsira. Mphamvu ya zoziziritsira za piston zokha ndi kuyambira 60 mpaka 900KW, yoyenera ntchito zapakatikati ndi zazing'ono.
5. Choziziritsira cha screw
Ma screw chiller ndi zida zazikulu komanso zapakatikati zoziziritsira zomwe zimapereka madzi ozizira. Nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poziziritsa mpweya m'mafakitale ofufuza za chitetezo cha dziko, chitukuko cha mphamvu, mayendedwe, mahotela, malo odyera, makampani opanga magetsi, nsalu ndi madipatimenti ena, komanso madzi ozizira ogwiritsira ntchito posamalira madzi ndi mapulojekiti amagetsi. Scroll chiller ndi makina oziziritsira opangidwa ndi screw refrigeration compressor unit, condenser, evaporator, automatic control components ndi zida. Ili ndi ubwino wa kapangidwe kakang'ono, kakang'ono, kopepuka, malo ochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso kukonza, komanso kugwira ntchito mokhazikika, kotero yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mphamvu yake yoziziritsira ya unit imodzi imayambira pa 150 mpaka 2200KW, ndipo ndi yoyenera mapulojekiti apakati ndi akuluakulu.
6. Choziziritsira cha Centrifugal
Choziziritsira cha centrifugal ndi choziziritsira chathunthu chopangidwa ndi ma compressor oziziritsira a centrifugal, ma evaporator ofanana, ma condenser, zida zowongolera ma throttling ndi ma meter amagetsi. Mphamvu yoziziritsira ya makina amodzi ndi kuyambira 700 mpaka 4200KW. Ndi yoyenera mapulojekiti akuluakulu komanso akuluakulu.
7. Choziziritsira cha Lithium bromide
Choziziritsira cha lithiamu bromide chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yotentha ngati mphamvu, madzi ngati choziziritsira, ndi yankho la lithiamu bromide ngati choziziritsira kuti apange madzi ozizira opitirira 0°C, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati gwero lozizira la mpweya woziziritsa kapena njira zopangira. Choziziritsira cha lithiamu bromide chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yotentha ngati Pali mitundu itatu yodziwika bwino ya mphamvu: mtundu woyaka mwachindunji, mtundu wa nthunzi, ndi mtundu wa madzi otentha. Mphamvu yozizira imayambira pa 230 mpaka 5800KW, yomwe ndi yoyenera mapulojekiti apakatikati, akuluakulu, komanso akuluakulu kwambiri.
5. Kugawa magulu apakati a mpweya woziziritsa
Chipinda choziziritsira mpweya chapakati ndiye gawo lalikulu la makina oziziritsira mpweya apakati. Kusankha moyenera mayunitsi ndikofunikira kwambiri pa ntchito yoziziritsira mpweya yapakati. Ponena za njira yoziziritsira ndi kapangidwe ka mayunitsi a madzi ozizira (otentha), akhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iyi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-06-2023
