Njira zochizira kutsekeka kwa ayezi, kutsekeka kwa dothi ndi kutsekeka kwa mafuta mufiriji

Lumikizanani nafekuti zikuthandizeni kuthetsa vutoli bwino

1. Kutsekeka kwa ayezi

Zifukwa za kutsekeka kwa ayezi

Chifukwa chachikulu ndichakuti pali chinyezi chochuluka m'nthakamakina oziziritsira. Pamene firiji ikupitirira kuyenda, chinyezi chomwe chili mufiriji chimakhazikika pang'onopang'ono pamalo otulukira valavu yowonjezera. Popeza kutentha komwe kumachokera valavu yowonjezera kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, madzi amaundana kukhala ayezi ndipo pang'onopang'ono amawonjezeka. Akafika pamlingo winawake, amatseka kwathunthu valavu yowonjezera ndipo firijiyo singathe kuzungulira.

Magwero akuluakulu a chinyezi mu makina oziziritsira ndi awa:

1. Pepala loteteza injini mu compressor lili ndi chinyezi, chomwe ndi gwero lalikulu la chinyezi mu dongosolo.
2. Chinyezi chomwe chimatsala mu zigawo ndi mapaipi olumikizira a makina oziziritsira chifukwa cha kuuma kosakwanira;
3. Mafuta oziziritsira ndi firiji ali ndi chinyezi chochuluka kuposa chololedwa;
4. Pa nthawi yokonza kapena kukonza, payipi imakhala yotseguka kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chomwe chili mumlengalenga chizilowetsedwa ndi pepala loteteza injini ndi mafuta oziziritsira.

Chifukwa cha zifukwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, kuchuluka kwa madzi mu makina oziziritsira kumaposa kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa makina oziziritsira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayezi atseke.

Zotsatira za kutsekeka kwa ayezi pa makina oziziritsira

Kumbali imodzi, kutsekeka kwa ayezi kumapangitsa kuti firiji isayende bwino, ndipo makina oziziritsira sangayike mufiriji nthawi zonse; kumbali ina, chinyezi chimagwiranso ntchito ndi firiji kuti chipange hydrochloric acid ndi hydrogen fluoride, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapaipi achitsulo ndi zigawo zake ziwonongeke, komanso kuwononga ma insulation a injini. Nthawi yomweyo, izi zimapangitsanso kuti mafuta oziziritsira awonongeke ndikukhudza mafuta a compressor.

Kuwonekera kwa kutsekeka kwa ayezi mu dongosolo loziziritsira ndichakuti limagwira ntchito bwino nthawi yoyamba, chisanu mu evaporator, kutentha kumatuluka mu condenser, chipangizocho chimayenda bwino, ndipo phokoso la ntchito ya refrigerant mu evaporator limakhala lomveka bwino komanso lokhazikika. Pamene kutsekeka kwa ayezi kumachitika, mpweya umamveka pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono. Pamene kutsekeka kuli kwakukulu, phokoso la mpweya limasowa, kuyenda kwa mpweya mu refrigerant kumasokonekera, ndipo condenser imazizira pang'onopang'ono.

Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mpweya, kuthamanga kwa utsi kumawonjezeka, phokoso la makina limawonjezeka, palibe choziziritsira chomwe chimalowa mu evaporator, malo oundana amachepa pang'onopang'ono, kutentha kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kutentha kwa valavu yokulitsa kumakweranso pamodzi, kotero ayezi amayamba kusungunuka, ndipo firiji imayambanso kuyenda. Patapita nthawi, kutsekeka kwa ayezi kumachitikanso, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto la nthawi ndi nthawi loletsa kuyenda.

Kuchotsa kutsekeka kwa ayezi

Kutsekeka kwa ayezi kumachitika mu makina oziziritsira chifukwa chakuti mu makinawo muli chinyezi chochuluka, choncho makina onse oziziritsira ayenera kuumitsidwa. Pali njira ziwiri zothetsera vutoli:

1. Gwiritsani ntchito uvuni wowumitsa kutentha ndi kuumitsa gawo lililonse. Njira iyi ndi yothandiza kwambiri pochotsa kutsekeka kwa ayezi, koma imagwira ntchito kokha pa chitsimikizo cha wopanga malo osungiramo zinthu zozizira.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zotenthetsera vacuum ndi njira zina zochotsera vacuum kuti muchotse chinyezi kuchokera ku gawo lililonse la makina oziziritsira.

2. Kutsekeka kwa dothi

Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwauve

Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuipitsidwa kwambiri mu makina oziziritsira.

Zinyalala ndi ufa zikadutsa mu fyuluta youma, zambiri zimachotsedwa ndi fyuluta youma. Zinyalala zambiri zikapezeka mu fyuluta youma, dothi ndi zinyalala zina zimabweretsedwa mu valavu yokulitsa ndi refrigerant yokhala ndi liwiro lalikulu la madzi, ndipo zimasungidwa ndikusonkhanitsidwa mu gawolo ndi kukana kwakukulu mu gawo lopindika la valavu yokulitsa. Kukana kukukulirakulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinyalala zisungidwe mosavuta mpaka valavu yokulitsa itatsekedwa ndipo makina oziziritsira satha kuyenda.

Kuphatikiza apo, mtunda pakati pa valavu yokulitsa ndi fyuluta mu fyuluta youma ndi wapafupi kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuyambitsa kutsekeka kodetsa; kuphatikiza apo, polumikiza valavu yokulitsa ndi fyuluta youma, zimakhalanso zosavuta kulumikiza chitoliro cha valavu yokulitsa.

Zotsatira za kutsekeka kwa zinyalala pa makina oziziritsira

Pamenemakina oziziritsirandi yodetsedwa komanso yotsekeka, firiji siingayende bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti compressor iziyenda mosalekeza, evaporator si yozizira, condenser si yotentha, chipolopolo cha compressor si chotentha, ndipo palibe phokoso la mpweya mu evaporator.

Ngati yatsekeka pang'ono, evaporator imamva kuzizira kapena chisanu, koma palibe chisanu. Mukakhudza pamwamba pa valavu yowumitsira ndi yowonjezera fyuluta, imamva kuzizira kwambiri, kuzizira, ndipo ngakhale chisanu choyera chimapangidwa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa refrigerant ikadutsa mu valavu yowumitsira fyuluta yomwe yatsekeka pang'ono, imapanga mphamvu yochepetsera kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti refrigerant yomwe imadutsa mu chotsekeka ikule, itenthe, ndikuyamwa kutentha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chisanu chizime kapena chisanu chikhale pamwamba pa chotsekekacho.

Kusiyana pakati pa kutsekeka kwa ayezi ndi kutsekeka kwauve:

Pambuyo pa nthawi yotseka ayezi, firiji imatha kubwezeretsedwa, ndikupanga kuzungulira kwa nthawi zina kutsegulidwa, nthawi zina kutsekedwa, kutsekedwa kenako kutsegulidwa. Komabe, firiji siingachitike pambuyo poti kutsekedwa kwakuda kwachitika.

Kuthetsa mavuto a kutsekeka kwauve

1. Gwiritsani ntchito nayitrogeni wopanikizika kwambiri pamodzi ndi njira zina kuti mutulutse dothi mu valavu yokulitsa yotsekedwa;
2. Pambuyo poti valavu yowonjezera yaphulika, yeretsani ndi kuumitsa ziwalo zonse zomwe zili mu makina oziziritsira ndipo zisonkhanitseninso ndikuzilumikiza kuti muchotse vuto.
3. Ngati valavu yokulitsa yatsekeka kwambiri, sinthani valavu yokulitsa kuti muchotse vuto.

3. Kutsekeka kwa mafuta ndi kutsekeka kwina kwa mapaipi

Chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mafuta

Silinda ya compressor yawonongeka kwambiri kapena malo pakati pa pisitoni ndi silinda ndi akulu kwambiri.

Chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa mapaipi ena ndi:

Paipiyo imatsekedwa ndi solder panthawi yowotcherera; kapena pamene chitolirocho chasinthidwa, chitolirocho chimatsekedwa popanda kupezeka. Chifukwa chake, chimayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuyang'ana momwe zimafunikira powotcherera ndikusintha chitolirocho, kuti chisayambitse kutsekeka kochita kupanga.

Zotsatira za kutsekeka kwa mafuta pa makina oziziritsira

Mafuta otuluka mu compressor amatuluka mu condenser, kenako amalowa mu fyuluta yowumitsa pamodzi ndi refrigerant. Chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwakukulu kwa mafuta, amatsekedwa ndi desiccant mu fyuluta. Mafuta akakhala ambiri, amatseka malo olowera fyuluta, kotero kuti refrigerant singathe kuyenda bwino ndipo makina oziziritsira sazizira.

Kuthetsa mavuto a kutsekeka kwa mafuta

Pali mafuta ambiri osungiramo zinthu zoziziritsira omwe atsala mu makina oziziritsira, zomwe zimakhudza momwe zinthu zoziziritsira zimakhudzira kapena kulephera kuzisunga mufiriji. Chifukwa chake, mafuta oziziritsira omwe ali mu makinawo ayenera kutsukidwa.

Pamene fyuluta yatsekedwa ndi mafuta, fyuluta yatsopano iyenera kusinthidwa, ndipo nayitrogeni wothamanga kwambiri ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphulitsa gawo la mafuta oziziritsa omwe asonkhanitsidwa mu condenser. Nayitrogeni ikalowetsedwa, chowumitsira tsitsi chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutenthetsa condenser.

Lumikizanani nafekuti zikuthandizeni kuthetsa vutoli bwino