1. Poyerekeza ndi ma compressor oziziritsa a pistoni obwerezabwereza, ma compressor oziziritsa a screw ali ndi zabwino zambiri monga kuthamanga kwambiri, kulemera kopepuka, voliyumu yaying'ono, malo ochepa komanso kutulutsa mpweya pang'ono.
2. Chokometsera choziziritsira cha screw chilibe mphamvu yobwerezabwereza ya inertial, magwiridwe antchito abwino a dynamic balance, ntchito yokhazikika, kugwedezeka pang'ono kwa maziko, ndi maziko ang'onoang'ono.
3. Chokometsera choziziritsira cha screw chili ndi kapangidwe kosavuta komanso zigawo zochepa. Palibe ziwalo zogwiritsidwa ntchito monga ma valve a mpweya ndi mphete za pistoni. Zigawo zake zazikulu zokangana, monga ma rotor ndi ma bearing, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kukana kukalamba, ndipo mafuta ake ndi abwino, kotero kuchuluka kwa makina ndi kochepa, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthuzo ndi kochepa, nthawi yogwirira ntchito ndi yayitali, kugwiritsa ntchito ndikodalirika, kukonza ndikosavuta, ndipo ndikothandiza kuzindikira kuti ntchitoyo imachitika zokha.
4. Poyerekeza ndi compressor yothamanga, screw compressor ili ndi mawonekedwe a kutumizidwa kwa mpweya mokakamizidwa, ndiko kuti, kusuntha sikukhudzidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa kutulutsa, ndipo palibe chochitika cha surge pamene kusuntha kuli kochepa. Mkati mwa mikhalidwe, magwiridwe antchito amathabe kukhala okwera.
5. Valavu yotsatsira imagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha, zomwe zimatha kusintha mphamvu mosalekeza.
6. Chokometsera cha screw sichimakhudzidwa ndi kulowa kwa madzi, ndipo chimatha kuziziritsidwa ndi jakisoni wa mafuta, kotero pansi pa chiŵerengero chomwecho cha kupanikizika, kutentha kwa utsi kumakhala kotsika kwambiri kuposa kwa mtundu wa pistoni, kotero chiŵerengero cha kupanikizika kwa gawo limodzi ndi chokwera.
7. Palibe voliyumu yochotsera, kotero mphamvu ya voliyumu ndi yayikulu.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka screw compressor:
1. Njira yopumira:
Chitseko chokokera mbali yolowera ya mtundu wa screw chiyenera kupangidwa kuti chipinda choponderezera chizitha kupumira mpweya mokwanira, pomwe screw air compressor ilibe gulu la valavu yolowera ndi yotulutsa mpweya, ndipo mpweya wolowera umangoyang'aniridwa ndi kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa valavu yowongolera. Rotor ikazungulira, malo olowera mano a main ndi ma assistant rotors ndi akulu kwambiri akafika potseguka khoma la intake end. Mpweya umatha kwathunthu, ndipo utsi ukatha, dzira la dzino limakhala mu vacuum state. Ukatembenukira ku air inlet, mpweya wakunja umalowa mkati ndikuyenda mu dzira la main ndi ma assistant rotors motsatira njira ya axial. Chikumbutso chosamalira screw air compressor Mpweya ukadzaza dzira lonse la dzino, pamwamba pa mbali yolowera ya rotor imatembenuka kuchoka pa kulowa kwa mpweya kwa casing, ndipo mpweya pakati pa ma dzira a dzino umatsekedwa.
2. Njira yotsekera ndi kutumiza:
Pamene ma rotor akuluakulu ndi othandizira apumidwa, nsonga za mano a ma rotor akuluakulu ndi othandizira zimatsekedwa ndi chivundikirocho, ndipo mpweya umatsekedwa m'mitsempha ya mano ndipo sutulukanso, ndiko kuti, [njira yotsekera]. Ma rotor awiriwa amapitiriza kuzungulira, ndipo ma crests a mano ndi mitsempha ya mano zimagwirizana kumapeto kwa kuyamwa, ndipo malo ofananawo amayenda pang'onopang'ono kupita kumapeto kwa utsi.
3. Njira yoponderezera ndi kulowetsa mafuta:
Pa nthawi yotumizira, pamwamba pa maukonde pang'onopang'ono pamayenda kupita kumapeto kwa utsi, kutanthauza kuti, mphuno ya dzino pakati pa pamwamba pa maukonde ndi doko lotulutsa utsi imachepa pang'onopang'ono, mpweya womwe uli mu mphuno ya dzino umakanikizidwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kupanikizika kumawonjezeka, komwe ndi [njira yokanikizira]. Pokanikizira, mafuta opaka amathiridwanso mu chipinda chokanikizira chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kupanikizika kuti kusakanikirane ndi mpweya wa chipinda.
4. Njira yotulutsira utsi:
Pamene malo olumikizirana a rotor atembenuka kuti alumikizane ndi utsi wotuluka m'chizimba, (kupanikizika kwa mpweya wopanikizika ndikokwera kwambiri panthawiyi), mpweya wopanikizika umayamba kutuluka mpaka malo olumikizirana a chizimba cha dzino ndipo chizimba cha dzino chisunthire ku utsi. Panthawiyi, malo pakati pa malo olumikizirana a ma rotor awiri ndi doko lotulutsa utsi la chizimbacho ndi zero, ndiko kuti, njira yotulutsira utsi imatsirizika. Nthawi yomweyo, kutalika kwa chizimba cha dzino pakati pa malo olumikizirana a ma rotor ndi malo olowera mpweya a chizimbacho kumafika pamlingo wapamwamba. Kwa nthawi yayitali, njira yake yopumira ikupitilizabe.
1. Kompresa wozungulira wozungulira
Thupi limagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kachitsulo kopangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri, chopanda ma porosity ambiri komanso kutentha pang'ono; thupi limagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka makoma awiri okhala ndi njira zotulutsira utsi mkati, komwe kali ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso kochepetsa phokoso; mphamvu zamkati ndi zakunja za thupi zimakhala zolinganizika, zopanda kutseguka kapena kutsekedwa pang'ono. Pitirizani ndi chiopsezo cha kuthamanga kwambiri; chipolopolocho ndi kapangidwe kachitsulo kokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, mawonekedwe okongola komanso kulemera kopepuka. Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe koyima, compressor imakhala ndi malo ochepa, omwe ndi opindulitsa ku dongosolo la chiller la mitu yambiri; bearing yapansi imamizidwa mu thanki yamafuta, ndipo bearing imayikidwa bwino; mphamvu ya axial ya rotor imachepetsedwa ndi 50% poyerekeza ndi mtundu wotsekedwa pang'ono komanso wotseguka (gawo la mota kumbali ya utsi ntchito ya Balance); palibe chiopsezo cha chotchingira cha mota chopingasa, kudalirika kwakukulu; pewani kukhudzidwa ndi screw rotor, slide valve, motor rotor self-weight pa kulondola kofananira, kuwongolera kudalirika; njira yabwino yosonkhanitsira. Kapangidwe koyima ka screw kopanda mafuta, kotero kuti sipadzakhala kusowa kwa mafuta compressor ikagwira ntchito kapena kuzima. Chotengera chapansi chimamizidwa mu thanki yamafuta yonse, ndipo chotengera chapamwamba chimagwiritsa ntchito mafuta opanikizika osiyanasiyana; kufunikira kwa kupanikizika kosiyanasiyana kwa dongosololi ndi kochepa, ndipo chili ndi ntchito yoteteza mafuta onyamula pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, kupewa kusowa kwa mafuta onyamula, zomwe zimathandiza kuyambitsa chipangizocho munyengo zosinthira.
Zoyipa: kuziziritsa utsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo mota imakhala pa doko la utsi, zomwe zingayambitse mosavuta coil ya mota kuyaka; kuphatikiza apo, singathe kuthetsedwa pakapita nthawi vuto likachitika.
2. Chokometsera cha semi-hemetic screw
Injiniyo imaziziritsidwa ndi madzi opopera, kutentha kwa injiniyo kumakhala kochepa, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi yayitali; compressor yotseguka imagwiritsa ntchito injini yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, kutentha kwa injiniyo kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimakhudza moyo wa injiniyo, ndipo malo ogwirira ntchito a chipinda cha makina ndi osauka; injiniyo imaziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wotulutsa utsi, kutentha kwa injiniyo kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, nthawi yogwira ntchito ya injiniyo ndi yochepa. Kawirikawiri, cholekanitsa mafuta chakunja chimakhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu, koma mphamvu yake ndi yayikulu kwambiri; cholekanitsa mafuta chomangidwa mkati chimaphatikizidwa ndi compressor, ndipo voliyumu yake ndi yochepa, kotero zotsatira zake ndi zochepa. Mphamvu yolekanitsa mafuta ya cholekanitsa mafuta chachiwiri imatha kufika 99.999%, zomwe zingatsimikizire kuti compressor imapaka mafuta bwino pansi pa mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito.
Komabe, compressor ya semi-hermetic screw ya plunger imathamanga kudzera mu giya, liwiro lake ndi lalikulu (pafupifupi 12,000 rpm), kusweka kwake ndi kwakukulu, ndipo kudalirika kwake ndi kochepa.
3. Tsegulani screw compressor
Ubwino wa chipangizo chotseguka ndi:
1) Kompresa imalekanitsidwa ndi mota, kotero kuti kompresa ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana;
2) Compressor yomweyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi ma refrigerant osiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito ma halogenated hydrocarbon refrigerant, ammonia ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati ma refrigerant posintha zinthu zina;
3) Ma mota okhala ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana akhoza kukhala ndi zida malinga ndi ma refrigerant osiyanasiyana komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
4) Mtundu wotseguka umagawidwanso m'magulu awiri: single-screw ndi twin-screw
Chokometsera cha sikelo imodzi chimakhala ndi sikelo yozungulira ndi mawilo awiri a nyenyezi okonzedwa mofanana, omwe amaikidwa mu casing. Mzere wozungulira, khoma lamkati la sikelo (silinda) ndi mano a giya la nyenyezi amapanga voliyumu yotsekedwa. Mphamvu imatumizidwa ku shaft ya sikelo, ndipo gudumu la nyenyezi limayendetsedwa ndi sikelo kuti lizungulire. Mpweya (madzi ogwirira ntchito) umalowa mu groove ya sikelo kuchokera ku chipinda chokometsera, ndipo umatulutsidwa kudzera mu doko lotulutsa utsi ndi chipinda chotulutsa utsi atakakamizidwa. Ntchito ya gudumu la nyenyezi ndi yofanana ndi pistoni ya compressor ya pistoni yobwerezabwereza. Mano a gudumu la nyenyezi akamayenda pang'onopang'ono mu groove ya sikelo, voliyumu yotsekedwa imachepa pang'onopang'ono ndipo mpweya umakakamizidwa.
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya screw compressor ndi kuyerekeza mitundu yotsekedwa bwino, yotsekedwa pang'ono komanso yotseguka
Sikulu ya compressor ya sikulu imodzi ili ndi mipata 6 ya sikulu, ndipo gudumu la nyenyezi lili ndi mano 11, omwe ndi ofanana ndi masilinda 6. Magudumu awiri a nyenyezi amalumikizana ndi mipata ya sikulu nthawi imodzi. Chifukwa chake, kuzungulira kulikonse kwa sikulu kumakhala kofanana ndi masilinda 12 ogwira ntchito.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, ma compressor ozungulira (kuphatikizapo ma twin-screw ndi ma single-screw) ndi omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ma rotary compressor. Malinga ndi msika wapadziko lonse lapansi, m'zaka 20 kuyambira 1963 mpaka 1983, kuchuluka kwa malonda a ma screw compressor padziko lonse lapansi kunali 30%. Pakadali pano, ma compressor ozungulira awiri ndi 80% ya ma compressor okhala ndi mphamvu yapakati ku Japan, Europe ndi United States. Monga ma single-screw compressor ndi ma twin-screw compressor omwe ali mkati mwa ntchito yofanana, poyerekeza, ma twin-screw compressor ndi oposa 80% ya msika wonse wa screw compressor chifukwa cha ukadaulo wawo wabwino wokonza komanso kudalirika kwawo. Ma screw compressor ndi osakwana 20%. Izi ndi kuyerekeza mwachidule kwa ma compressor awiriwa.
1. Kapangidwe kake
Sikulu ndi gudumu la nyenyezi la compressor ya sikulu imodzi ndi za awiriawiri a mphutsi zozungulira, ndipo shaft ya sikulu ndi shaft ya gudumu la nyenyezi ziyenera kusungidwa moyimirira mumlengalenga; ma rotor achikazi ndi achimuna a compressor ya sikulu iwiri ndi ofanana ndi awiriawiri a giya, ndipo ma rotor shaft achimuna ndi achikazi amasungidwa molingana. . Ponena za kapangidwe kake, kulondola kwa mgwirizano pakati pa sikulu ndi gudumu la nyenyezi la compressor ya sikulu imodzi n'kovuta kutsimikizira, kotero kudalirika kwa makina onse ndi kotsika kuposa kwa sikulu iwiri.
2. Njira yoyendetsera galimoto
Mitundu yonse iwiri ya ma compressor imatha kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ku mota kapena kuyendetsedwa ndi pulley ya lamba. Pamene liwiro la compressor ya twin-screw lili lalikulu, giya yofulumira iyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
3. Njira yosinthira mphamvu yozizira
Njira zosinthira voliyumu ya mpweya wa ma compressor awiriwa ndizofanana, zomwe zonsezi zimatha kusintha mosalekeza valavu yotsatizana kapena kusintha pang'onopang'ono kwa plunger. Pamene valavu yotsatizana imagwiritsidwa ntchito posintha, compressor ya twin-screw imafuna valavu imodzi yotsatizana, pomwe compressor ya single-screw imafuna mavalavu awiri otsatizana nthawi imodzi, kotero kapangidwe kake kamakhala kovuta ndipo kudalirika kumachepa.
4. Mtengo wopanga
Kompresa wa sikelo imodzi: Ma bearing wamba angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ma bearing a sikelo ndi ma star wheel, ndipo mtengo wopangira ndi wotsika.
Chokometsera cha mapasa awiri: Chifukwa cha katundu wochuluka pa ma rotor a mapasa awiri, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma bearing olondola kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wopangira ndi wokwera.
5. Kudalirika
Chokometsera cha sikelo imodzi: Gudumu la nyenyezi la chokometsera cha sikelo imodzi ndi gawo lofooka. Kuwonjezera pa zofunikira kwambiri pa zinthu za gudumu la nyenyezi, gudumu la nyenyezi liyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse.
Chokometsera cha mapasa awiri: Palibe ziwalo zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu chokometsera cha mapasa awiri, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito yopanda mavuto imatha kufika maola 40,000 mpaka 80,000.
6. Kumanga ndi kukonza
Popeza shaft ya screw ndi shaft ya star wheel ya compressor ya single-screw iyenera kukhala yoyima mumlengalenga, kulondola kwa malo a axial ndi radial ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, kotero kusonkhana ndi kusamalira kosavuta kwa compressor ya single-screw ndi kochepa kuposa kwa compressor ya twin-screw.
Zoyipa zazikulu za chipangizo chotseguka ndi izi:
(1) Chisindikizo cha shaft n'chosavuta kutulutsa, chomwe chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza pafupipafupi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito;
(2) Mota yokhala ndi zida imazungulira mofulumira kwambiri, phokoso la mpweya ndi lalikulu, ndipo phokoso la compressor palokha ndi lalikulu, zomwe zimakhudza chilengedwe;
(3) Zigawo zovuta za dongosolo la mafuta monga zolekanitsa mafuta zosiyana ndi zoziziritsira mafuta ziyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo chipangizocho ndi chachikulu komanso chosagwira ntchito komanso chosafunikira kusamalira.
Kompresa anayi, atatu okulungira
Kapangidwe kake ka geometrical ka rotor ya three-rotor kamatsimikizira kuti ili ndi kutayikira kochepa kuposa compressor ya double-rotor; compressor ya three-rotor screw imatha kuchepetsa kwambiri katundu pa bearing; kuchepetsa katundu wa bearing kumawonjezera malo otulutsa utsi, motero kumawonjezera magwiridwe antchito; ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchepetsa kutayikira kwa unit pansi pa vuto lililonse la katundu, makamaka mukamagwira ntchito pansi pa vuto la kutayikira pang'ono, kukhudzidwa kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri.
Kudzilamulira wekha: Pamene makina asintha, sensa imayankha mwachangu, ndipo wolamulira amachita mawerengedwe ofanana, kuti azitha kudzilamulira wekha mwachangu komanso molondola; kudzilamulira wekha sikungolekeredwe ndi ma actuator, guide vanes, solenoid valves ndi slide valves, ndipo zitha kuchitika mwachindunji, mwachangu komanso modalirika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-10-2023
